Measurement


Fundamentals
The fundamental variables in Simulachron are distance, time and mass. All others can be derived from these.


Distance
Fundamentally, Simulachron is a machine for building structures whose elements are close in
space from experiences which are close in time. Experiences which occur close to each other
in time are connected closely, and are "close" to each other, while less similar concepts are "far
apart."


Polling the units
All access to Simulacron, both input and output,  is via the individual units. The distances
among the concepts may be measured directlyby polling the units, or indirectly by
examination of their artifacts.


Direct Polling
All measurmement is comparison to some standard. In Simulachron, the distance or
difference between any two conepts or ideas may be taken as a standard, and units asked
to estimate the differences among other pairs as ratios to  this standard.

Artifacts
The Simulachron produces prodigious amounts of output. These outputs are themselves
simulacra of the Simulachron.  Two types of output are particularly useful: text and lists.

Text
Texts are sequences of words or other symbols. They resemble Simulachron in that ideas
that are close to each other in the text are close to each other in Simulachron. An effective
way to measure the structure in Simulachron that produced the text is to process the text
through an artificial neural network which is itself a simulation of the basic operation of
Simulachron. The artificial neural network will produce a sumulacrum of those
substructures of Simulachron that produced the text.

Lists
Lists are collections of objects or ideas that "go together." Grocery lists, lists of symptoms,
treatments, prognoses and outcomes, cars and their attributes -- all these are lists of concepts
or ideas that the units of Simulachron believe "go together." Submitting lists of lists to
artificial neural network analysis produces simulacra of those substructures of Simulachron
that produced the lists.